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[主观题]

We thus have the general _1 that any normal person has the language _2_ to han

dle anything he needs to ___3___.But there are ___4___ little exceptions.Let us consider, for __5___, forms of ___6___ to strangers.Quite often we need to __7____ a person’s attention to something ____8__ has just dropped out of ____9___ or handbag., or to the _10_____that he is just going to walk into a plate glass door.

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发布时间：2023-02-28

更多“We thus have the general ___1__ that any normal person has the language ___2___ to han”相关的问题

第1题

Are some people born clever and other born stupid？ Or is intelligence developed by our env

ironment and our experience？ Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depend on birth.

Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in their intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

If a child is born with low intelligence, he can______.

A．not reach his intelligence in his life

B．go beyond his intelligence limits in rich surroundings

C．still become a genius if he should be given special education

D．become a genius

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第2题

Are some people born clever and others born stupid？ Or is intelligence developed by our en

vironment and our experience ？ Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth. On the other hand, a child who lives in boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person' s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If,on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.

Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory other the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates the environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

The writer is in favor of the view that man' s intelligence is given to him ______ ．

A．at birth

B．both at birth and through education

C．through education

D．neither at birth nor through education

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第3题

. ［A］ Thus a joke is laughed at for its own sake, even though there is an independ

［A］ Thus a joke is laughed at for its own sake, even though there is an independent value in laughter, which lightens our lives by taking us momentarily outside ourselves. Why should not something similar be said of works of art, many of which aspire to be amusing in just the way that good jokes are？

［B］ All discussion of the value of art tends, therefore, to turn from the outset in the direction of criticism: Can there be genuine critical evaluation of art, a genuine distinction between that which deserves our attention and that which does not？ (And, once again, the question may be extended to objects of natural beauty.)

［C］ Art is held to be a form. of education, perhaps an education of the emotions. In this case, it becomes an open question whether there might not be some more effective means to the same result. Alternatively, one may attribute a negative value to art, as Plato did in his Republic, arguing that art has a corrupting or diseducative effect on those exposed to it.

［D］ Artistic appreciation, a purely personal matter, calls for appropriate means of expression. Yet, it is before anything a process of “cultivation”, during which a certain part of one’s “inner self” is “dug out” and some knowledeg of the outside world becomes its match.

［E］ If I am amused it is for a reason, and this reason lies in the object of my amusement. We thus begin to think in terms of a distinction between good and bad reasons for laughter. Amusement at the wrong things may seem to us to show corruption of mind, cruelty, or bad taste; and when it does so, we speak of the object as not truly amusing, and feel that we have reason on our side.

［F］ Such thinkers and writers believe that art is not only an end in itself but also a sufficient justification of itself. They also hold that in order to understand art as it should be understood, it is necessary to put aside all interests other than an interest in the work itself.

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第4题

It seems to shine unchangingly, pouring out a constant light year after year. But the sun

may not be nearly so stable as we suppose. It is now thought to move quickly and irregularly and change in long-term cycles, growing dimmer and then brighter with each passing year. Some even fear that its frequent changing behavior. would have a great influence on the Earth' s climate.

The source of the sun' s inconstancy is magnetism. Professor William Livingston has developed new theories about its magnetic nature.

"We don' t yet know what causes sun spots, "he says, "but we now think they ' re areas of high level magnetism that come up from the sun' s interior. So strong is their magnetic pull that the highly ionized gas nearby is not able to transmit energy out. "As a result these areas send out less heat and light and thus appear from Earth to be almost dark irregular surface patches.

Sun spot activity generally fluctuates in steady, 11-year cycled. Scientists have long formed the o pinion that as the size and number of sun spots increased, the overall energy sent out by the sun would de crease. Indeed, recent studies confirmed it, revealing that during peak periods of sun spot activity, the Earth experiences a small drop that can be seen clearly in received solar energy.

Could such a small drop in energy have an effect here on earth？ Perhaps some scientists think the world temperature could fall by' as much as 0.2 during periods of high solar magnetism.., enough to cause significant fluctuations in weather patterns.

According to the passage, it is believed that the sun ______ ．

A．moves in a quick but steady way year after year

B．sends out less and less heat and light with each passing year

C．radiates the same amount of light every year

D．might have a strong influence on the weather patterns

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第5题

The first thing to notice is that the media we're all familiar with—from books to televisi

on--are one-way propositions: they push their content at us. The Web is two-way, push and pull. In finer point, it combines the one-way reach of broadcast with the two-way reciprocity (互惠) of a mid-cast. Indeed, its user can at once be a receiver and sender of broadcast—a confusing property, but mindstretching!

A second aspect of the Web is that it is the first medium that honors the notion of multiple intelligences. This past century's concept of literacy grew out of our intense belief in text, a focus enhanced by the power of one particular technology-the typewriter. It became a great tool for writers but a terrible one for other creative activities such as sketching, painting, notating music, or even mathematics. The typewriter prized one particular kind of intelligence, but with the Web, we suddenly have a medium that honors multiple forms of intelligence—abstract, textual, visual, musical, social, and kinesthetic. As educators, we now have a chance to construct a medium that enables all young people to become engaged in their ideal way of learning. The Web affords the match we need between a medium and how a particular person learns.

A third and unusual aspect of the Web is that it leverages (起杠杆作用) the small efforts of the many with the large efforts of the few. For example, researchers in the Maricopa County Community College system in Phoenix have found a way to link a set of senior citizens with pupils in the Longview Elementary School, as helper-mentors (顾问). It's wonderful to sec-kids listen to these grandparents better than they do to their own parents, the mentoring really helps their teachers, and the seniors create a sense of meaning for themselves. Thus, the small efforts of the man—the seniors—complement the large efforts of the few—the teachers. The same thing can be found in operation at Hewlett-Packard, where engineers use the Web to help kids with science or math problems. Both of these examples barely scratch the surface as we think about what's possible when we start interlacing resources with needs across a whole region.

What does the word mind-stretching imply？

A．Obtaining one's mental power.

B．Strengthening one's power of thought.

C．Making great demands on one's mental power.

D．Exerting one's mental power as far as possible.

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第6题

Text 4All but the tiniest of roads have to have names so they can be recognized on a map,

Text 4

All but the tiniest of roads have to have names so they can be recognized on a map, and so people can ask directions to them. Americans name a lot of bridges, too.

Very often these names carry a clear geographical reference the Pennsylvania Turnpike, for example. Or,like the George Washington Bridge, roads and bridges are named for famous historical figures or powerful officers. We make a big deal out of naming things, as when someone decided to name an airport after a U. S. judge.

So now we have the Baltimore Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport. Many,if not most, of our college buildings are named for wealthy people who gave a lot of money to the schools. And our sports centers took this idea a step further. Companies paid a whole lot of money for what′s called the "naming rights" to U. S. Cellular Field in Chicago, for example, and Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia.

Now the governor(州长) of Virginia, Bob McDonnell,wants to sell naming rights to roads and bridges in the state. He says not just companies, but also wealthy people, would help the Virginia transportation budget(预算) by paying to have their names--or perhaps those of loved ones--placed on roads and bridges, and thus on maps as well. People hold different views, however. Supporters say Americans are used to having things sponsored(赞助). Others disagree, considering the idea as the next step in the "companies of America. " They wonder how far such an idea might spread, and where it would end:at the Burger King Pacific Ocean, perhaps.

Most of the roads need to have names so that____.

A.they can remind people of the past

B.people can learn about them better

C.they can be easily recognized on mapss

D.people can enjoy naming them

Who are many college buildings named for according to the passage？A.Powerful officers.

B.Famous judges.

C.Historical figures.

D.Wealthy peopl

What can we learn from the last paragraph？A.People have different ideas toward naming things.

B.Americans have sponsored naming a lot.

C.Everything is named by an American company.

D.Pacific Ocean will be rename

Why does the governor of Virginia want to sell naming rights？A.To remember the loved names.

B.To make the state well-known.

C.To help the transportation budget.

D.To increase companies' sales.

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第7题

Are some people born clever, and others born（74)？ Or is intelligence developed by our

Are some people born clever, and others born(74)？ Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences？(75), the answer to both these questions is yes.(76) some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no(77)of special education can make a genius(78)a child born with low intelligence.(79), a child who lives in a boring environment will(80) his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and(81)surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth,(82)whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This(83), now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.(84)is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born(85 ). The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are(86) to be in intelligence. Thus(87)we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of(88)will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two(89) twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children,(90)have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth. Imagine now(91)we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We would soon(92) differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that(93)as well as birth plays a part.

74.A.wise

B.intelligent

C.bright

D.stupid

75.A.By no means

B.Strangely enough

C.Sure enough

D.For sure

76.A.To

B.In

C.With

D.On

77.A.number

B.account

C.quantity

D.quality

78.A.into

B.from

C.out of

D.by

79.A.On the other hand

B.On the one hand

C.In this sense

D.As far as we know

80.A.decrease

B.descend

C.delete

D.develop

81.A.varying

B.varied

C.healthful

D.hygienic

82.A.although

B.so

C.thus

D.but

83.A.outlook

B.view

C.speculation

D.judgment

84.A.That

B.This

C.It

D.So

85.A.with

B.for

C.to

D.in

86.A.possible

B.likely

C.impossible

D.unlikely

87.A.whether

B.when

C.if

D.unless

88.A.intimacy

B.intelligence

C.similarity

D.difference

89.A.same

B.identical

C.parallel

D.related

90.A.certainly

B.undoubtedly

C.usually

D.sometimes

91.A.if

B.that

C.when

D.while

92.A.see

B.find out

C.find

D.work out

93.A.environment

B.development

C.blood

D.education

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第8题

A scientist who wants to predict the way in which consumers（消费者) will spend their money

A scientist who wants to predict the way in which consumers(消费者) will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.

If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or 'decreasing incomes—he would probably answer, those with decreasing incomes. Actually, in the years 1947~1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with decreasing incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions(假设) about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. "In a few months", she said, "we'll have to pay more for meat and milk; we'll have less to spend on other things". Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be disliked and buyers' resistance may be produced. This is shown by the following typical comment; "I just don't pay these prices; they are too high".

The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America; condition most helpful to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology(心理学).

According to the passage, if one wants to predict the way people spend their money, he should______.

A．rely on traditional assumptions about earning and spending

B．try to encourage or discourage consumers to spend money

C．carry out investigations on consumer behavior. and get data of consumers incomes and money spending motives

D．do researches in consumer psychology in a laboratory

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第9题

In the seventeenth century, European soldiers who came across some Indian groups in the we

stern Great Lakes found that several native tribes were living in the area without a formal leadership system. They appeared to be "quite friendly with each other without a formal authority!"

Not only did the Indians appear to lack a formal system of authority, but they also deeply hated any efforts to control their actions. All members of the tribes knew what was required of them by lifelong familiarity with the tasks of the area. These tasks tended to be simple, since the Indian's rate of social change was slow. Thus, although subgroups such as soldiers had recognized leaders, no real authority was required. Rather than giving direct orders (which were considered rough), members of the tribes would arouse others to action by examples.

It would be difficult, if not impossible, to carry out such a system in our own society. Most of us have grown up under one authority or another for as long as we can remember. Our parents, our teachers, our bosses, our government all have the recognized right under certain conditions to tell us what to do. The authority is so much a part of our culture that it is hard for us to imagine a workable society without it. We have been used to relying on authority to get things done and would probably be uncomfortable with the Indian methods of examples on a large scale.

Of course, the major reason why the Indian system would not be suitable for us is that our society is too large. The number of tasks that various members of our society have to perform. often under tight time and resource limitations could not be treated by the Indian system. In modern societies, the formal authority system is necessary to achieve any social objectives.

Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage？

A．From 1710 to 1780, European soldiers came across some Indian groups in the western Great Lakes.

B．European soldiers were quite friendly to the Indian groups.

C．The Indian groups had no leaders.

D．The Indian groups were friendly to each other without a formal leadership system.

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第10题

听力原文：The private motor vehicle has given us a freedom our ancestors could not dream ab

听力原文： The private motor vehicle has given us a freedom our ancestors could not dream about. We can travel swiftly, and usually safely, over the roads which have been built to accommodate our cars. People can display their wealth by driving a car which may cost as much as another person's home.

(29) Sadly the car has become a disadvantage as well as a boon. The car pollutes the atmosphere, may be involved in serious accidents, and by its very numbers blocks roads. (29) How can we reduce its use？ The car is only desirable if we can use it easily, so we might begin by reducing access to parking spaces in the cities and simultaneously increasing the quality and availability of public transport. Cars could be banned from certain parts of the city, thus forcing people to walk or to use public transport. The expense of buying and running a car can be raised. (30) If the motorist is faced with a high purchase price, high road tax, high insurance premiums and substantial fines he or she may reconsider the purchase. A corresponding reduction in the price of public transport would help this financial argument against car ownership.

Neither of these arguments will sway the super rich who can afford the status cars, but it would perhaps encourage them to look at other ways of demon-strafing their wealth. (31) However we do it, reducing the number of cars on the road will reduce the problems of pollution and the congestion which can bring cities to a standstill.

29. What does the speaker focus on？

30.What factor might hinder most people's consideration of purchasing private cars？

31.What would be the result if the number of private cars is reduced？

(4)

A．The sadness of being involved in accidents.

B．Ways to limit the use of private cars.

C．The serious pollution on motor roads.

D．Freedom to travel quickly and safely.

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第11题

Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people's attitudes and behavior. Experiments have proved that in noisy situations(even temporary ones), people would have more anger and less cooperation; In more permanent noisy situations, many people cannot work hard, and they suffer from severe anxiety as well as other psychological problems. Some researchers, who study various aspects of effect of noise in people's mental life, maintain that noise, either temporary noise or permanent noise, often destroy creativity and activity by disturbing people's emotion and make them more easily annoyed and hard to cooperate.

However, psychologists distinguish between "sound" and "noise". "Sound" is measured physically in decibels(分贝). "Noise" cannot be measured in the same way because it refers to the psychological effect of sound and its level of "intensity" depends on the situation. Thus, for passengers at an airport who expect to hear airplanes taking off and landing, there may be a lot of sound, but not much noise(that is, they are not bothered by the noise). By contrast, if you are at a concert and two people behind you are whispering, you feel they are talking noisily even if there is not much sound. You notice the noise because it affects you psychologically.

Both sound and noise can have negative effects, but what is most important is if the person has control over the sound. People walking down the street with earphones, listening to music that they enjoy, are receiving a lot of decibels of sound, but they are probably happy hearing sounds which they control. On the other hand, people in the street without earphones must tolerate a lot of noise which they have no control over. It is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily.

According to the passage, people （） .

A.can not complete his work in a noisy situation

B.will suffer from complete deafness because of noise pollution

C.can be psychologically affected by working in very noisy factories

D.may cooperate well in a noisy surrounding

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