Television has opened windows in everybody's life. Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914. Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle. And the result has been a general dislike of war, and perhaps more interest in helping those who suf-fer from all the terrible things that have been shown on the screen. Television has also changed politics. The most distant areas can now follow state affairs, see and hear the politicians before an election. Better informed, people are more likely to vote, and to make their opinions count. Unfortunately, television's influence has been extremely harmful to the young. Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world; that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless. They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable. All educators agree that the "television generations" are more violent than their parents and grandparents. Also, the young are less patient. Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures; to read abook that requires thinking; to listen to a teacher who doesn't do funny things like the people on children's programs. And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten, fifteen, or thirty minutes. That's the time it takes on the screen.In the past, many young people（）.

第1题

Extensive reporting on television has helped to ______ interest in a wide variety of sport

s and activities.

A．gather

B．generate

C．assemble

D．yield

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第2题

Extensive reporting on television has helped to () interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.

A.assemble

B.generate

C.yield

D.gather

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第3题

Today in Hollywood ______. A. more television films are produced B. man-mad

Today in Hollywood ______.

A. more television films are produced

B. man-made fighting has completely taken the place of natural light

C. few films are taken for the cinema

D. oil production has become more important than the film industry

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第4题

Television has changed the lifestyle. of people in every industrialized country in the wor

ld. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.

Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高)people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.

The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.

Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.

According to the author American television is poor in quality because ______.

A．advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas

B．it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio

C．the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economic reasons

D．it is controlled by radio companies

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第5题

Allusion is not used in ________.A、Who can quarrel with a medium that so brilliantly pac

Allusion is not used in ________.

A、Who can quarrel with a medium that so brilliantly packages escapist entertainment as a mass-marketing tool？

B、When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass deivesion？

C、When before has virtually an entire nation surrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling？

D、… had bequeathed to us tablets of stone commanding that nothing in television shall ever require more than a few moments’ concentration.

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第6题

Children in the United States are exposed to many influences other than that of their

families. Television is the most significant of these influences, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school.

Parents are concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure.

Parents are also concerned about the commercials (商业广告) that their children see on television. Many parents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.

Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is Sesame Street, which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet (字母) and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.

Even though most parents and educators give Sesame Street and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive (被动的) consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it

1). Which of the following statements is not based on the passage？

A. Parents are worried about the influence from television on their children.

B. Television has much influence on children.

C. Both parents and their children like watching educational television.

D. Some critics think that television is no good for children.

2). In what ways do children suffer from television？

A. They become the victims of social violence.

B. They spend hours watching television instead of doing school work.

C. The programs make the children lose interest in the world.

D. The programs make the children spend too much of their parents’ money.

3). Parents would not like their children to see commercials because ______

A. they think that their children are not old enough to handle advertising

B. commercials teach children alphabet and numbers

C. commercials help to sell products

D. they don’t like commercials

4). Educational television is widely appreciated because _____

A. it does have the same commercials as others

B. it offers programs for both children and their parents

C. many parents like the programs it offers for their children

D. children can learn some school subjects before they go to school

5). Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage？

A. Watching Too Much Television Is Harmful to Young Minds.

B. Television Is More Harmful than Educational.

C. Television’s Influence on Children.

D. More Education Television.

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第7题

Television is the most effective brainwashing medium ever invented by man.Advertisers kn

ow this to be （）.Children are affected by television in （） we scarcely understand.

In the fall of 1971, I was （） a story involving a young white woman living on the fringe （边缘） of Boston’s black ghetto.Her car had （） out of gas.She had gone to a filling station （） a can and was returning to her car when she was （） in an alley by a gang of black youths.The gang （） gasoline over her and set fire to her.She died （） her burns.It was later established （） some of the youths involved had, on the night before the killing, （） on television a rerun of an old movie in which a drifter （流浪汉） is （） on fire by an adolescent gang.There is some kind of strange reductive process （还原过程） at work here.To see something on television robs it （） its reality, and then when the same thing is （） out it is like the reenactment （重演） of something unreal.

（） other words when the gang set fire to the girl, they were imitating （） they had seen on a screen, as if they themselves were on a screen, and in a （）.I don’t think we have （） begun to realize how powerful a(n) （） television is.It has already （） very clear that the candidate with the most television （） wins the election.

1.A.trueB.sincereC.dependantD.exact

2.A.methodsB.waysC.directionsD.respects

3.A.arrangedB.allottedC.appointedD.assigned

4.A.leftB.runC.stayedD.stopped

5.A.forB.byC.withD.in

6.A.tracedB.followedC.trappedD.hit

7.A.putB.pouredC.droppedD.sprayed

8.A.ofB.withC.inD.over

9.A.whenB.thatC.becauseD.as

10.A.lookedB.watchedC.experienceD.gone

11.A.setB.seenC.watchedD.burned

12.A.ofB.fromC.byD.for

13.A.actedB.playedC.putD.taken

14.A.OnB.InC.ByD.At

15.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.those

16.A.sceneB.fictionC.televisionD.story

17.A.evenB.alreadyC.muchD.little

18.A.equipmentB.applianceC.sourceD.medium

19.A.becomeB.turnedC.seemedD.looked

20.A.appearanceB.appealC.practiceD.experience

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第8题

听力原文：An American study found, on average, a child watches between four and five hours

听力原文： An American study found, on average, a child watches between four and five hours of television each weekday, and ten hours on Saturday and Sunday. It was also noted that a typical child watches 25, 000 hours of television before his or her 18th birthday. In the life of Children, watching television is a significant sensory ex perience. Many children easily spend more time with the box than they do with any other form. of entertainment. Each year children read less and less and watch television more and more. In fact, Americans of all ages watch more television each year. The typical child sits in front of the television about four hours a day -- and for children in lower socioeconomic families the a mount of time thus spent is even greater. In either case, the child spends more time with TV than he or she spends talking to parents, playing with peers, attending school, or reading books. TV time appropriates family time, play time, and the reading time that could pro mote language development. Watching TV is a passive event. Children and adults, remain completely immobile while viewing the box. Most viewing experiences, at least among Americans, are both quiet and non-inter active. All attention is given to the images. Just like the operating room light, television creates an environment that attacks and beats the child; he can respond to it only by bringing into play his shutdown mechanism, and thus becomes more passive. Children arc often hooked. A highly active child will remain inactive while watching TV because that is what the medium requires. To morrow, we shall talk about violence on TV and its effects on children.

(33)

A．Children's IQ and TV.

B．The whole amount of time children spend watching TV.

C．The effect TV has on learning.

D．The amount of time the average child spends watching TV.

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第9题

Much social talk,【36】from casual conversation to formal【37】speech has an aim other than to

convey information or to achieve agreement on disputed issues. Individuals talk and listen to one【38】, in part simply to enhance sociability--to【39】their enjoyment in being together. Sometimes this is called speech to entertain, but this traditional label has【40】been very satisfactory. Social talk serves a more important function【41】merely to pass time【42】.

A great deal of the【43】and the listening that occurs【44】casual circumstances may seem to be【45】, in the sense that the discourse is relaxed, relatively formless, and expressive of strong and intimate feelings.【46】, such speaking and listening are highly valued. Normal individuals dread being deprived【47】companionship. If required to be【48】for a time, they may mm on the【49】or television, not to learn something,【50】not even to be entertained,【51】to feel the sociability of hearing human speech. The【52】purpose of much speech (including most【53】and many public speeches) is to knit together【54】closely and more pleasantly the ties of【55】.

(56)

A．dividing

B．ranging

C．gathering

D．arranging

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第10题

Sylvester and I are watching television advertisements because we need information for

a class research project. We have to discuss realism and fantasy (幻想) in television advertising, and so we are looking for examples of distortions (歪曲) and falsehoods in television commercials. The question we are asking is, "Is the commercial true to life, or does it offer an unreal picture of the product？ "

Sylvester is keeping track of the distortions, and he already has quite a long list. He says that all housewives seem to live in lovely homes, dress beautifully, and love their household chores. They smile and boast about floor waxes and proudly display their dirty laundry, dusty tabletops, and filthy ovens. In addition, he has never seen men doing housework. Sylvester thinks that this view of family life is filled with distortions.I am keeping track of the people who appear in the advertisements. I have found handsome men courting the All-American Girl, and they are always recommending brand X toothpaste or brand Y cologne. I see teenagers and children surrounded by their friends, having wonderful times at parties and at school, and they are usually enjoying large harmonious family gatherings. I think that these advertisements are also filled with fantasy.Sylvester and I have concluded that much of American life is pictured unrealistically in commercials. Teenagers do not always have fun at parties, and very few people love doing chores. People do have problems, but few of these are ever shown in commercials. Instead, we watch Cinderella (灰姑娘) discover a miracle floor wax, finish the kitchen chores, and waltz off to the ball. Our heads are filled with these fantasies, and they also suggest that, for any problem, brand Z will provide the instant cure. Sylvester and I will have very few facts and a lot of fantasy to write about in our research reports.

1.Judging from the context, Sylvester and the author are most probably ____.

A、classmates

B、teacher and student

C、father and son

D、research workers

2.Sylvester has found that in advertisements housewives ____.

A、are sad and tired

B、enjoy doing their housework

C、have their husbands help them

D、never touch dirty things

3.The author thinks that life of teenagers shown in commercials is ____.

A、interesting

B、wonderful

C、unrealistic

D、true to life

4.Sylvester and the author have come to the conclusion that commercials ____.

A、truly reflect American life

B、lack in fantasy

C、seldom give expression to people's real problems

D、give great fun to children

5.The most suitable title for the passage would be ____.

A、A Class Research Project

B、American Life As Shown by TV

C、Beautiful Commercials

D、Distortions in TV Advertisements

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第11题

It has been a widespread belief that the American family is dying. But a new study rev

eals that the American family is stronger than ever. This study affords surprising evidence of the persistence of American commitments to family life.

The American family is changing, not dying. It is becoming smaller, men and women are becoming more equal, and the divorce rate is higher. But despite the high divorce rate, marriage has never been more popular. The majority of divorced people remarry, but only 2% marry more than twice. Most marriages last a long time, and a large proportion of divorces are from teenage marriages. Depending on the specific situation, there’s often good reason for teenage marriages to break up.

There is no evidence that children receive less attention from mothers who work outside the home than from mothers working inside the home. So far the amount of educational or development time hasn’t varied very much, whether or not the mother works outside the home. In fact, working mothers try to make up for it by setting aside time only for their children.

The study shows that television is by far the most significant new childcare arrangement of this century. The most important activity for children up to age 14 is watching television.

School is the second most time-consuming activity for children. They spend an average of about 19 hours a week in school. A larger proportion of children go to school now than ever before, and they stay in school longer. Another big change is that the proportion of very young children in daycare centers (日托站) has almost doubled in recent years. Compared with these two dramatic changes in child activity, the changes caused by mothers working outside the home appear very small.

1.The main idea of this article is that _______.

A.he American family is dying

B.the American family is changing, but it is stronger than ever

C.young people today don’t want to get married

D.education has resulted in dramatic changes in the American family

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true？()

A.The majority of marriages last long

B.Working mothers devote less time to their children

C.Marriage is more popular than before

D.Many divorced people remarry

3.The author of this article believes that ________.

A.teenage marriages should be encouraged

B.the American family is here to stay

C.mothers should not work when their children are small

D.children should not watch so much television

4.What is the most significant new childcare arrangement of this century？()

A.The daycare center

B.Television

C.The school

D.Development time.

5.According to the writer, which two major factors have led to the belief that the American family is dying？()

A.Divorces are increasing and many teenage marriages break up

B.Children stay in school longer and mothers have little time to take care of them

C.The divorce rate is high and children care more about television than anything else

D.The divorce rate is high and working mothers neglect their children

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