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[主观题]

One of medicine's fundamental beliefs about pregnancy and the development of the human fet

us has been challenged. Until recently, it was thought that the fetus was a parasite capable of extracting all the nutrients it needed from the mother. It is now realized that adequate nutrition during the entire course of the pregnancy is necessary for proper fetal development.

In early pregnancy, certain changes occur in the mother's gastrointestinal tract, resulting in more efficient absorption of specific nutrients, such as iron and calcium. Furthermore, the maternal blood supply increases, so that nutrients can be transported via the uterine and placental blood systems: If the mother is undernourished, this "lifeline" to the fetus will be inadequately developed. Finally, fat is accumulated within the body to store the energy necessary for lactation (milk production), This preparation for lactation is so important that if the mother is inadequately nourished, it will take place even at the expense of fetal growth. It is a logical developmental occurrence, since in the natural world, no infant can survive without successful breastfeeding, and thus fetal growth is less of a priority.

According to the passage, which of the following is required for lactation？

A．Fat storage.

B．Iron and calcium.

C．Increased blood supply.

D．A well-nourished placenta.

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发布时间：2023-02-16

更多“One of medicine's fundamental beliefs about pregnancy and the development of the human fet”相关的问题

第1题

Some years ago the captain of a ship was very interested in medicine. He always took medic

ine books to sea and liked to talk about different diseases.

One day a lazy sailor on his ship pretended to be ill. He lay on his bunk(铺) and groaned as if he were very sick. The captain came to see him and was very pleased to have a patient to look after. He told the man to rest for a few days and made the other sailors do his work. Three days later another sailor pretended that he had something wrong with his chest. Once more the captain looked in his medical books and told the "sick" man to have a rest.

The other sailors were very angry because they had more work to do. The patients had the best food and laughed at their friends when the captain was not looking. At last the mate (船长副手) decided to cure the "sick" men. He mixed up some soap, soot(烟灰) , glue(胶水) and other unpleasant things. Then he obtained permission from the captain to give his medicine to the "sick" men. When they tasted the medicine, they really did feel ill. It was so horrible that one of the patients jumped out of his bunk, ran up on deck and climbed the highest place on the ship. He did not want any more medicine.

The mate told both of the men that they must take the medicine every half an hour, night and day. This soon cured them. They both said they felt better and wanted to start work again. The captain realized that the men tried to deceive him so he made them work very hard for the rest of the voyage.

The first sailor pretended to be ill because he wanted to______.

A．test the captain's knowledge of medicine

B．be free from work

C．have the best food on the ship

D．play a joke on his friends

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第2题

Jim was a greedy boy. He enjoyed having good food....

Jim was a greedy boy. He enjoyed having good food. One day when he came to have breakfast, he found there was only bread and grufel(麦片粥). So he didn，t want to have any. Then he thought out a plan to fool his mother and get something good to eat. He put his hands on his stomach and said，“ I’ ve got a stomachache，Mum，and I don’ t want any breakfast now. ” His mother said，“ I’ m sorry to hear that. Go to Doctor Jones and he will give you some medicine. You know his house. ”Then she gave Jim some money and let him go by bus. Jim got off the bus after five minutes, ride. He didn’ t go to see Dr. Jones. He went into a shop and bought some pieces of cakes.

Jim was eating the cakes on his way back home. When he got home, his mother asked him,“What did Dr. Jones say,my boy？” Jim answered, “He said good food is better than any medicine for my stomachache. So I went and bought some cakes instead of buying medicine.

Now Jim’ s mother knew what Jim ’ s stomachache meant.

What did Jim, s mother give him for the breakfast that day？

A.Bread

B.Cake

C.Gruel

D.Both A and C

______That day Dr. Jones.A.gave Jim some medicine

B.went to see Jim

C.didn’ t meet Jim at all

D.advised Jim to buy some cakes

______At last Jim’ s mother.A.gave her son some good food

B.knew her son had told a lie

C.bought some medicine for her son

D.bought some cakes for her son

Jim is a boy marked by his______.A.cleverness

B.honesty

C.greed

D.naughtiness

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第3题

The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively eras

The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints

One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls(萝状指纹)and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints．Losing them could become troublesome．A case【51】______online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a【52】______losing finger prints is．

Eng-Huat Tan，a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year-old man who has used capecitabine(卡培他滨)to【53】______his nasopharyngeal cancer(鼻咽症)．After three years on the【54】______，the patient decided to visit his U．S．relatives last December．But he was stopped by U．S． customs officials【55】______4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get finger prints from the man．There were no【56】______swirly(旋涡状的)marks appearing from his index fin ger．

U．S．customs has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years，Tan says．Unfortunately， for the Singaporean traveler，one potential【57】______effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads．【58】______，no fingerprints．

“It is uncertain when fingerprint【59】______will begin to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine，”Tan points out．So he【60】______any physicians who prescribe the drug to provide their patients with a doctor's【61】______pointing Out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear．

Eventually，the Singaporean traveler made it into the United States．But he's also now got the explanatory doctor's note-and won't leave home【62】______it．

By the way，maybe the Food and Drug Administration，【63】______approved use of the drug 11 years ago，should consider updating its list of side effects【64】______with this medicine．The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting(呕吐)，stomach pain and some other side effects． But no where【65】______it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints．

(51)

A．released

B．suggested

C．accepted

D．detected

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第4题

①堵车；②师傅；③距离（）

A.①dū chē；②shī fu；③jì lí

B.①dǔ chē；②shī fu；③jù lí

C.①dǔ chē；②sī fu；③jù lí

D.①dǔ chē；②shī fu；③jì lí

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第5题

Moods, say the experts, are feelings that are likely to become fixed, having effects on on

e’ s outlook (way of looking at things )for hours,days or even weeks. That’ s great if your mood is a pleasant one,but a problem if you are sad,anxious,angry or simply lonely.

Perhaps the best way to deal with such moods is to talk them out ;sometimes, though, there is no one to listen. Modem pharmacology (药物学)offers a lot tranquilizers (镇定剂)and anti-anxiety drugs. What many people don’ t realize, however, is that scientists have discovered the effectiveness of several non-drug methods to make you free from an unwanted mood. These can be just as useful as drugs,and have the added benefit of being nonpoisonous. So next time you feel out of sorts,don’ t head for the drug store—try the following method.

Of all the mood-changing self-help techniques, aerobic exercise seems to be the best cure for a bad mood. “If you could keep the exercise,you’d be in high spirits，’’says Kathryn Lance，author of Running for Health and Beauty.

Researchers have explained biochemical and various other changes that make exercise compare favorably to drugs as mood-raiser. Physical work such as housework,however，does little. The key is aerobic exercise—running, cycling, walking, swimming, or other repetitive and sustained activities that increase the heart rate and circulation(循环)，and improve the body’s use of oxygen. Do them for at least 20 minutes a time,three to five times a week. What is the main subject of the passage？

A.How to beat a bad mood

B.How to talk bad moods out.

C.How to do physical exercises.

D.How to do aerobic exercise

It can be inferred from the passage that_____.A.when one is in a bad mood,he or she may not work very well

B.the best way to overcome a bad mood is to talk to oneself

C.some drugs are more effective than physical exercises

D.taking drugs is at the risk of being poisonous

“Feel out of sorts”，as it is used in the second paragraph,could best be replaced byA.put things in order

B.are in a bad mood

C.search for tranquilizers

D.want a mood-raiser

Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage？A.An exercise and its importance are explained

B.A problem is examined and solutions are given

C.Two different views of a problem are presented

D.Recent developments in medicine are described

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第6题

自动空气开关的电气符号是：（）。

A.S

B.QF

C.FR

D.FU

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第7题

（b) What advantages and disadvantages might result from outsourcing Global Imaging’s HR fu

(b) What advantages and disadvantages might result from outsourcing Global Imaging’s HR function？

(8 marks)

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第8题

Part 2 4 One of the silliest things in our recent history was the use of “Victorian” as a

term of contempt or abuse. It had been made fashionable by Lytton Strachey with his clever, superficial and ultimately empty book Eminent Victorians, in which he damned with faint praise such Victorian heroes as General Gordon and Florence Nightingale. Strachey’s demolition job was clever because it ridiculed the Victorians for exactly those qualities on which they prided themselves—their high mindedness, their marked moral intensity, their desire to improve the human condition and their confidence that they had done so.

Yet one saw, even before the 100th anniversary of the death of Queen Victoria this year, that there were signs these sneering attitudes were beginning to change. Programmes on radio and television about Victoria and the age that was named after her managed to humble themselves only about half the time. People were beginning to realize that there was something heroic about that epoch and, perhaps, to fear that the Victorian age was the last age of greatness for this country.

Now a new book, What The Victorians Did For Us, aims further to redress the balance and remind us that, in most essentials, our own age is really an extension of what the Victorians created. You can start with the list of Victorian inventions. They were great lovers of gadgets from the smallest domestic ones to new ways of propelling ships throughout the far-flung Empire. In medicine, anaesthesia (developed both here and in America) allowed surgeons much greater time in which to operate—and hence to work on the inner organs of the body—not to mention reducing the level of pain and fear of patients.

To the Victorians we also owe lawn tennis, a nationwide football association under the modern rules, powered funfair rides, and theatres offering mass entertainment. And, of course, the modern seaside is almost entirely a Victorian invention. There is, of course, a darker side to the Victorian period. Everyone knows about it mostly because the Victorians catalogued it themselves. Henry Mayhew’s wonderful set of volumes on the lives of the London poor, and official reports on prostitution, on the workhouses and on child labour—reports and their statistics that were used by Marx when he wrote Das Kapital—testify to the social conscience that was at the center of “Victorian values”.

But now, surely, we can appreciate the Victorian achievement for what it was—the creation of the modern world. And when we compare the age of Tennyson and Darwin, of John Henry Newman and Carlyle, with our own, the only sensible reaction is one of humility: “We are our father’s shadows cast at noon”.

第16题：According to the author, Lytton Strachey’s book Eminent Victorians _____.

[A] accurately described the qualities of the people of the age

[B] superficially praised the heroic deeds of the Victorians

[C] was highly critical of the contemporary people and institutions

[D] was guilty of spreading prejudices against the Victorians

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第9题

选词填空：As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor

As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture that_____(36)to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. It's no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults don't get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as_____(37)by sleep experts.

Whether or not we can catch up on sleep-on the weekend, say-is a hotly_____(38)topic among sleep researches. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't_____(39), it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought_____(40)sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed_____(41)in the ability of insulin(胰岛素)to process blood sugar. That suggests that catchup sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep_____(42)causes, which is encouraging given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isn't_____(43)to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later.

Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not_____(44)an effective remedy either. “A sleeping pill will_____(45)one area of the brain, but there's never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn't really replicates(复制)the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep," says Dr.Nancy Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center.

A.alternatively

B.caters

C.chronically

D.debated

E.deprivation

F.ideal

G.improvements

H.necessarily

I.negotiated

J.pierce

K.presumption

L.ready

M.recommended

N.surpasses

O.target

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第10题

According to the passage, which of the following people was most likely to give a Sioux ba

by its original name？

A．A member of the father's family.

B．A member of the mother's family.

C．The wife of the medicine man.

D．The bravest warrior in the village.

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