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Low levels of literacy （读写能力) and numeracy （计算能力) have a damaging impact on almost

Low levels of literacy (读写能力) and numeracy (计算能力) have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adult life. Tests and interviews with hundreds of people born in a single week in 1958【C1】______ the handicap of educational underachievement. The【C2】______ were seen in unemployment, family breakdown, low incomes, depression and social inactivity.

Those【C3】______ left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for up to tour years less than good readers by the time they【C4】______ 37. Professor John Bynner, of City University, said that today's【C5】______ teenagers would【C6】______ even greater problems because the【C7】______ of manual jobs had dried up.

Almost one in five of the 1,700 people interviewed had poor literacy skills and almost half struggled with numeracy, a proportion【C8】______ other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read aloud from a child's book, and most found【C9】______ in following【C10】______ instructions.

Poor readers were twice【C11】______ likely to be on a low wage and four times as likely to live in a household where【C12】______ partner w9rked. Women in this position were five times as likely to be【C13】______ as depressed,【C14】______ both sexes tended to feel they had no【C15】______ over their lives, and to be less trusting of【C16】______

【C17】______ with low literacy and numeracy skills were【C18】______ involved in any community organization and much less likely than others to have voted in a general election. There had been no【C19】______ in the level of interviewees reporting problems since the【C20】______ was surveyed at the age of 21.

【C1】

A．provided

B．illustrated

C．perceived

D．assumed

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发布时间：2023-03-08

更多“Low levels of literacy （读写能力) and numeracy （计算能力) have a damaging impact on almost”相关的问题

第1题

Neglectful parents are likely to have low levels of demand but high levels of respons

iveness. ()

此题为判断题(对，错)。

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第2题

Well－being has a lot to do with mastery, which includes self－esteem, sense of control

Well－being has a lot to do with mastery, which includes self－esteem, sense of control

Well-being has a lot to do with mastery, which includes self-esteem, sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and______

此题为判断题(对，错)。

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第3题

In 1968, Amy because （one of) the American （women) （received) the Nobel Price （for) Litera

In 1968, Amy because (one of) the American (women) (received) the Nobel Price (for) Literature.

A．one of

B．women

C．received

D．for

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第4题

3 Airtite was set up in 2000 as a low cost airline operating from a number of regional air

ports in Europe. Using these

less popular airports was a much cheaper alternative to the major city airports and supported Airtite’s low cost service,

modelled on existing low cost competitors. These providers had effectively transformed air travel in Europe and, in so

doing, contributed to an unparalleled expansion in airline travel by both business and leisure passengers. Airtite used

one type of aircraft, tightly controlled staffing levels and costs, relied entirely on online bookings and achieved high

levels of capacity utilisation and punctuality. Its route network had grown each year and included new routes to some

of the 15 countries that had joined the EU in 2004. Airtite’s founder and Chief Executive, John Sykes, was an

aggressive businessman ever willing to challenge governments and competitors wherever they impeded his airline and

looking to generate positive publicity whenever possible.

John is now looking to develop a strategy which will secure Airtite’s growth and development over the next 10 years.

He can see a number of environmental trends emerging which could significantly affect the success or otherwise of

any developed strategy. 2006 had seen fuel costs continue to rise reflecting the continuing uncertainty over global

fuel supplies. Fuel costs currently account for 25% of Airtite’s operating costs. Conversely, the improving efficiency of

aircraft engines and the next generation of larger aircraft are increasing the operating efficiency of newer aircraft and

reducing harmful emissions. Concern with fuel also extends to pollution effects on global warming and climate

change. Co-ordinated global action on aircraft emissions cannot be ruled out, either in the form. of higher taxes on

pollution or limits on the growth in air travel. On the positive side European governments are anxious to continue to

support increased competition in air travel and to encourage low cost operators competing against the over-staffed

and loss-making national flag carriers.

The signals for future passenger demand are also confused. Much of the increased demand for low cost air travel to

date has come from increased leisure travel by families and retired people. However families are predicted to become

smaller and the population increasingly aged. In addition there are concerns over the ability of countries to support

the increasing number of one-parent families with limited incomes and an ageing population dependent on state

pensions. There is a distinct possibility of the retirement age being increased and governments demanding a higher

level of personal contribution towards an individual’s retirement pension. Such a change will have a significant impact

on an individual’s disposable income and with people working longer reduce the numbers able to enjoy leisure travel.

Finally, air travel will continue to reflect global economic activity and associated economic booms and slumps together

with global political instability in the shape of wars, terrorism and natural disasters.

John is uncertain as to how to take account of these conflicting trends in the development of Airtite’s 10-year strategy

and has asked for your advice.

Required:

(a) Using models where appropriate, provide John with an environmental analysis of the conditions affecting the

low cost air travel industry. (12 marks)

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第5题

Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowel（结肠)Cancer People who eat more than 160 grams of

Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowel(结肠)Cancer

People who eat more than 160 grams of red or processed meat a day are 35 percent more likely to develop bowel cancer than those who eat less______(51)20 grams a day, according to one of the biggest nutrition investigations ever carried out.

The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition followed 478,040 men and women______(52)35 to 70 from 10 European countries.

All subjects were free of cancer at enrollment between 1992 and 1998, but ______(53)an average follow-up of almost 5 years 1,329 bowel cancers had been reported.

The subsequent analysis, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, confirms the long-held suspicion______(54)high intakes(纳入量)of red meat are associated with increased bowel______(55)risk.

After taking into consideration factors like age, sex, height, weight, energy intake, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption, the investigators found that bowel cancer was______(56)with intake of red and processed meat but not chicken.

Risk of bowel cancer dropped with increasing intake of fish. Eating more than 80 grams a day of fish was associated______(57)a 31 percent reduction in risk compared with eating less than 10 grams a______(58).

Subjects with high red meat and low fish intake were at 63 percent higher risk of bowel cancer compared with subjects with low red meat and high fish______(59). In addition, the risk of developing the disease was increased for______(60)people who ate a low fibre diet.

Sheila Bingham, study investigator at the UK's Medical Research Council nutrition unit, said: "People have suspected for some time that high levels of red and processed meat______(61)risk of bowel cancer, but this is one of the largest studies worldwide and the first from Europe of this type to show a______(62)relationship."

She added in a statement: "The overall picture is very consistent for red and processed meat and fibre across all the______(63)populations studied."

Study coordinator, Elio Riboli, of the World Health Organization International Agency for Research into Cancer, said: "Other risk factors for______(64)cancer include obesity(肥胖)and lack of physical activity. Smoking and excess alcohol may also play a ______(65). These factors were all taken into account in the analysis."

A．from

B．than

C．between

D．among

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第6题

完成下列各题 D Forty—thousand of the world’ s you

ng children die every day．Many of these deaths can be prevented．In fact，experts say，techniques now exist to save the lives of half of these children．The techniques are medically effective(有效的)，simple to use and low cost.The biggest task has been to inform. parents about these life-saving techniques． Diarrhea(腹泻)is the main cause of death among children in developing countries．Diarrhea results when the body tries to clear itself of harmful bacteria(细菌)．The body does this by getting our liquids，sometimes uncontrollably．If too much water，sugar and salt ale lost in this way，the body cannot work normally．The child may die． The Uni ted Nations International Children’s Fund，UNICF，introduces a technique．It uses a simple mixture of sugar and salt in water．The mixture does not stop diarrhea．But if used often as needed，it keeps fluid(体液)levels normal until the body has fought off the harmful bacteria． In Egypt，for example，the treatment was used in a children’s health care program in the province of Alexandria．It reduced by one—half the number of deaths caused by diarrhea.The technique has now been used throughout the country． According to the passage，a large number of Children can be saved only when________．

A.the life—saving ways are medically effective

B.their parents are rich enough for the life—saving techniques

C.rite life—saving techniques are easy to use

D.their parents learn the life—saving techniques

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第7题

In America, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many other cultures

children are expected to care 【C1】______ their aged parents. In some parts of Italy, the percentage of adult children who 【C2】______ with their parents 【C3】______ 65% to 70%. in Thailand, too, children are expected to look after their elderly parents; few Thai elderly live 【C4】______ . What explains these differences in living arrangements across cultures？ Modernization theory 【C5】______ the extended family to low levels of economic development. In traditional societies, the elderly live with their children in large extended family units for economic reasons. 【C6】______ with modernization, children move to urban areas, 【C7】______ old people after in 【C8】______ rural areas. Yet modernization theory can't 'explain why such households were never common in America or England, or why families in fully modernized Italy 【C9】______ a strong tradition of intergenerational living. Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain 【C10】______ living arrangements.

Another theory associated intergenerational living arrangements with inheritance 【C11】______ . In some cultures, the stem family pattern of inheritance overtakes. 【C12】______ this system, parents live with a married child, usually the oldest son, who then 【C13】______ their property when they die. The stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws, 【C14】______ broader social changes brought 【C15】______ by industrialization and urbanization, have 【C16】______ the usage. In 1960 about 80% of Japanese over 65 lived with their children; by 1990 only 60% 【C17】______ — a figure that is still high 【C18】______ American standards, but which has been 【C19】______ steadily. In Korea, too, traditional living arrangements are 【C20】______ : the percentage of aged Koreans who live with a son declined from 77% in 1984 to 50% just 10 years later.

【C1】

A．about

B．after

C．for

D．over

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第8题

Strom Co is a clothing retailer, with stores selling mid-price clothes and clothing access

ories throughout Europe. It sells its own-brand items, which are produced by small manufacturers located in Africa, who work solely for Strom Co. The recent European sovereign debt crisis has affected a number of countries in the European Union (EU). Consequently, Strom Co has found trading conditions to be extremely difficult, putting pressure on profits and sales revenue.

The sovereign debt crisis in Europe resulted in countries finding it increasingly difficult and expensive to issue government bonds to raise funds. Two main reasons have been put forward to explain why the crisis took place: firstly, a number of countries continued to borrow excessive funds, because their expenditure exceeded taxation revenues; and secondly, a number of countries allocated significant sums of money to support their banks following the ‘credit crunch’ and the banking crisis.

In order to prevent countries defaulting on their debt obligations and being downgraded, the countries in the EU and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) established a fund to provide financial support to member states threatened by the risk of default, credit downgrades and excessive borrowing yields. Strict economic conditions known as austerity measures were imposed on these countries in exchange for receiving financial support.

The austerity measures have affected Strom Co negatively, and the years 2011 and 2012 have been particularly bad, with sales revenue declining by 15% and profits by 25% in 2011, and remaining at 2011 levels in 2012. On investigation, Strom Co noted that clothing retailers selling clothes at low prices and at high prices were not affected as badly as Strom Co or other mid-price retailers. Indeed, the retailers selling low-priced clothes had increased their profits, and retailers selling luxury, expensive clothes had maintained their profits over the last two to three years.

In order to improve profitability, Strom Co’s board of directors expects to cut costs where possible. A significant fixed cost relates to quality control, which includes monitoring the working conditions of employees of Strom Co’s clothing manufacturers, as part of its ethical commitment.

Required:

(a) Explain the role and aims of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and discuss possible reasons why the austerity measures imposed on European Union (EU) countries might have affected Strom Co negatively. (10 marks)

(b) Suggest, giving reasons, why the austerity measures might not have affected clothing retailers at the high and low price range, as much as the mid-price range retailers like Strom Co. (4 marks)

(c) Discuss the risks to Strom Co of reducing the costs relating to quality control and how the detrimental impact of such reductions in costs could be decreased. (6 marks)

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第9题

In the United States, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many othe

r cultures children are expected to care【1】their aged parents. In some parts of Italy, the percentage of adult children who【2】with their parents【3】65 to 70 percent. In Thailand, too, children are expected to take care of their elderly parents; few Thai elderly live【4】. What explains these differences in living arrangements【5】cultures？ Modernization theory【6】the extended family household to low levels of economic development. In traditional societies, the elderly live with their children in large extended family units for economic reasons. But with modernization, children move to urban areas, leaving old people【7】in【8】rural areas. Yet modernization theory cannot explain why extended family households were never common in the United States or England, or why families in Italy, which is fully modernized,【9】a strong tradition of intergenerational living. Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain【10】living arrangements. Another theory associated intergenerational living arrangements with inheritance patterns. In some cultures, the stem family pattern of inheritance【11】.【12】this system, parents live with a married child, usually the oldest son, who then【13】their property when they die. The stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws,【14】broader social changes brought【15】 by industrialization and urbanization, have【16】the【17】.In 1960 about 80 percent of Japanese over 65 lived with their children; by 1990 only 60 percent did-a figure that is still high【18】U.S. standards, but which has been【19】steadily. In Korea, too, traditional living arrangements are【20】: the percentage of aged Koreans who live with a son declined from 77 percent in 1984 to 50 percent just 10 years later. Although most elderly Koreans still expect to live with a son, their adult children do not expect to live with their children when they grow old.

(1)

A．about

B．after

C．for

D．over

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第10题

阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T)还是错误（F)。（每题10分)BEIJIN

阅读理解

阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确(T)还是错误(F)。(每题10分)

BEIJING'S ROADS FOR THE FUTURE

The road system in Beijing's central business district (CBD) is being re-designed to make public transportation easy and improve efficiency.

Plans for 45 roads within the CBD have been approved, measuring 41.5 kilometers in total. In addition to public buses, free or low price shuttle buses from residence areas to subway stations will also be provided for commuters.

This is just over four times the number of roads opened in 2007, and will add another 15.5 km to the existing road network.

Besides roads, an underground traffic system has also been operating, which includes four new subway lines beneath the CBD.

The underground connection system is made up of two levels. The first underground floor is set aside mainly for pedestrians and commercial facilities, while the second underground floor is planned for parking.

The city has also invested 140 million yuan to set up a traffic inquiry system, through which the public can check traffic conditions online and see the most convenient routes on their GPS system. In the future, the CBD will be fully covered by an intelligent traffic control system.

操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”;句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。

1. The road system in Beijing's central business district (CBD) is being designed again. {T; F}

2. Commuters can only take public buses from residence areas to subway stations. {T; F}

3. The re-designed road will be 15.5 kilometers long. {T; F}

4. The underground traffic system has four new subway lines beneath the CBD. {T; F}

5. Both levels of the underground connection system are planned for parking. {T; F}

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