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[主观题]

From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of o

urselves and the world about us. When humans first【C1】______, they were like newborn children, unable to use this【C2】______tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for mankind's future【C3】______and cultural growth increased.

Many linguists believe that evolution is【C4】______for our ability to produce and use language. They【C5】______that our highly evolved brain provides us【C6】______an innate language ability not found in lower【C7】______. Proponents of this innateness theory say that our【C8】______for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually,【C9】______a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical【C10】______times for language development.

Current【C11】______of innateness theory are mixed; however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable.【C12】______, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in【C13】______grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being【C14】______to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the【C15】______of their first language have become firmly fixed.

【C16】______some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been【C17】______from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that【C18】______with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language【C19】______than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior.【C20】______, children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.

【C1】

A．generated

B．evolved

C．born

D．originated

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发布时间：2023-09-25

更多“From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of o”相关的问题

第1题

The memory of her childhood will never fade from her mind （）.

A.disappear

B.vanish

C.fade

D.be out

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第2题

All the memories of his childhood had _______ from his mind by the time he was 65.A.fadedB

All the memories of his childhood had _______ from his mind by the time he was 65.

A.faded

B.illustrated

C.comfined

D.concerned

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第3题

This passage suggests that an individual's IQ ______. A. can be increased by educatio

This passage suggests that an individual's IQ ______.

A. can be increased by education

B. can be predicted at birth

C. is inherited from his parents

D. is determined by his childhood

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第4题

Few Americans remain in one position or one place for a lifetime. We moving from town to c

ity to suburb, from high school to college in a different state, from a job in one region to a better job elsewhere, from the home where we raise our children to the home where we plan to live in retirement. With each moving we are forever making new friends, who become part of our new life at that time.

For many of us summer is a special time for forming new friendships. Today millions of Americans vacation abroad, and they go not only to see new sights but also with the hope of meeting new people. No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend, but the beginning of a friendship is possible.

The word "friend" can be applied to a wide range of relationships—to someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place, to a fellow worker, to a childhood playmate, to a man or woman, to a trusted confidant (知己) .

The reasons why many Americans move from place to place are as follows except______.

A．saving money

B．getting a better job

C．going to college

D．finding a place to spend the rest of the life

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第5题

Who talks more, women or men？ The seemingly contradictory evidence is【B1】by the difference

what I call public and private speaking. More men feel comfortable doing public speaking,【B2】more women feel comfortable doing【B3】speaking. Another way of【B4】these differences is by using the【B5】"reporttalk" and "rapport-talk".

For most women, the language of conversations is【B6】a language of rapport: a way of establishing connections and【B7】relationships. Emphasis is【B8】on displaying similarities and【B9】experiences. From childhood, girls criticize peers who try to stand【B10】or appear better than others. People feel their closest connections at home, or in setting where they feel at home—with one or a few people they feel close【B11】and comfortable about—in other words, during private speaking.【B12】even the most public situations can be approached like private speaking.

For most men, talk is primarily a means to【B13】independence and negotiate and【B14】status in a hierarchical social order. This is done by exhibiting knowledge and skill, and by【B15】center stage through verbal performance such as storytelling, joking, or【B16】information. From childhood; men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep【B17】. So they are more【B18】speaking in larger groups made up of people they know less well, in the broadest【B19】"public speaking". But even the most private situations can be approached like public speaking, more like giving a report than【B20】rapport.

【B1】

A．Compromised

B．consolidated

C．reinforced

D．reconciled

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第6题

The plight of the aged has come to be regarded as a major social problem in the United Sta

tes. In a sense, the elderly (conventionally, those aged sixty-five and over) are a "newly-discovered" minority group. Like other minority groups, the old are subjected to job discrimination; they suffer nigh rates of poverty; they face prejudice founded on inaccurate stereotypes; they are excluded from the mainstream of American life on the basis of supposed group characteristics; and they are offered few meaningful roles in their society. In addition, the aged may face such problems as nigh rates of victimization by criminals, a heavy, burden of chronic illness and medical expenses, and psychological problems that result from their loss of independence and their sense of being unwanted. In America, childhood is romanticized, youth is idolized, middle age does the work, wields the power and pays the bills, and old age gets little or nothing for what it has already done. For many elderly Americans old age is a tragedy, a period of quiet despair, deprivation, desolation and muted rage. The tragedy of old age is not that each of us must grow old and die but that the process of doing so has been made unnecessarily painful, humiliating and isolating through insensitivity, ignorance, and poverty.

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第7题

Popular British author，Charles Dickens’（1812—1870)family could hardly make ends meet. They

Popular British author，Charles Dickens’(1812—1870)family could hardly make ends meet. They could only afford to send one of their six children to school. Dickens was not that child. His parents chose to send a daughter, who had a talent for music, to an academy. Then at the age of 12，Dickens’ life took another turn for the worse.

His father, a clerk, was placed in prison for unpaid debts. And, being the oldest male left at home, Dickens took up work at a factory. His horrible experience there became the fuel for his future writing. His father was freed three months later and inherited a small amount of money.Dickens was then sent to school.

From 1836 to 1837, he wrote a monthly series of stories. Thus The Pickwick Papers, came into being, which brought fame to him.

Throughout his career, Dickens covers various situations in his novels. He wrote about the miserable lives of the poor in Oliver Twist, the French Revolution in Tale of Two Cities, and social reform. in Hard Times. He also wrote David Copperfield, a book thought to be modeled on his own life.

“I do not write bitterly or angrily, for I know all these things have worked together to make me what I am,” he once said. His difficult childhood did indeed shape the person he became, as well as his writing career. There are shades of young Dickens in many of his most beloved characters, including David Copperfield and Oliver Twist.

Like the author, all these characters come from poor beginnings and are able to rise above their setbacks and achieve success. u Minds, like bodies, will often fall into an ill-conditioned state from too much comfort.’’ he once wrote. On June 9th, 1870, aged 58，Dickens died, leaving one unfinished work. The words on his tombstone read：“He was a sympathizer to the poor, the suffering and the oppressed，and by his death，one of England’ s greatest writers is lost to the world. ”

The book that first called public attention to Dickens was_____.

A.The Pickwick Papers

B.Oliver Twist

C.Tale of Two Cities

D.David Copperfield

The underlined word “shades”，in the passage means “_____”A.symbols

B.examples

C.signs

D.reminders

How did Dickens see his childhood？A.He felt grateful for it.

B.He felt it a pity that things weren, t in his favor.

C.He loved writing about it.

D.He chose to forget the bitterness about it.

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第8题

完成下列各题 D Popular British author，Charles Dickens’（1812—187

完成下列各题 D Popular British author，Charles Dickens’(1812—1870)family could hardly make ends meet．They could only afford to send one of their six children to school．Dickens was not that child．His parents chose to send a daughter，who had a talent for music，to an academy． His lather was placed in prison for debts．And，being the oldest male at home，Dickens worked at a factory．His horrible experience there became the ruel for his future writing．His father was freed three months later，and Dickens was then sent to school． From l836 to 1837，he wrote a series of stories．Thus the Pickwick Papers came into being，which brought fame to him．His works are Oliver Twist，Tale of Two Cities，David Copperlield and Hard Times． “I do not write bitterly or angrily．for I know all these things have worked together to make me what I am．”he once said． His difficult childhood did indeed shape the person he became，as well as his writing career there are shades of young Dickens in many of his most beloved characters，including David Coppeffield and Oliver Twist．“Minds，like bodies，will often fall into an ill—conditioned state from too much comfort．”he once wrote． The book that called public attention to Dickens was________．

A.David Copperfield

B.Oliver Twist

C.Tale of Two Cities

D.The Pickwick Papers

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第9题

根据以下资料，回答1~20题。 Aristotle defined a friend as "a single soul dwelling in two bo

dies". Member of Facebook whose "friends" reach triple figures may have a looser definition, but how many friends we have, and how easily we make, 63 and lose them, has a significant impact on our 64 well-being. It's no surprise, then, that friends can improve just about every aspect of our life. A recent study says that the recovery from a surgery included, incredibly, a 65 in the level of pain felt by patients with the most friends. 66 , friends can protect us from the aftershocks of bereavement (丧失亲人) or 67 They don't even have to be great friends-some of the 68 effect is simply down to the company: have a pint with a mate and you' e by definition not socially 69. Some friendships seem easier than others. "Some need little contact and are low maintenance, but you always pick up 70 them where you left off," says educational psychologist Karen Majors. "There ere are friends you're just more comfort- able with. Others may be more interesting, but they may be more offended. Really good friends don't take 71 . Friendships can end because they stop being 72 . You may take different 73 , have different experiences, which make it harder to maintain a riendship." We first recognise the importance of friends in childhood, 74 we're not really sure how to make them. While some of us may 75 a few childhood friends, the biggest oppor- tunity for friendship comes in higher education. A study of long-term friendships found that friendships formed during college years stayed clothe 20 years later, if they 76 highly in closeness as well as 77 to begin with. These friend- ships 78 great tistances and an average of six house moves. "At college you can 79 close friendships because you're in such close 80 for sustained periods," says Glenn Sparks, Purdue's professor of communication. "These relation- ships are rare and hard to 81 ; they're very unusual outside family relationships Even when distance, jobs, family tended to pull them apart, these friends would say that 82 they re- established contact, they didn't miss a beat." 请在第_____处填上正确答案. A) separate B) mairttain C) exchange D) interact

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第10题

Text 1 The period of adolescence, i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood, may be

Text 1

The period of adolescence, i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on society’s definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of one’s life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may c

hange in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society.

In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the i

ndividual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, right, privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age

loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increases his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a driver’s license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as ri

ghts; the young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age after majority status has been attained. None of these legal pro

visions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence.

41. The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because ________.

[A] the definition of maturity has changed

[B] the industrialized society is more developed

[C] more education is provided and laws against child labor are made

[D] ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance

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第11题

Who talks more，women or men？ The seemingly conflicting evidence is resolved

by the difference between what I call public and private speaking.More men feel comfortable doing "public speaking," while more women feel comfortable doing "private" speaking.Another way of capturing these differences is by using the terms report-talk and rapport-talk.For most women, the language of conversation is primarily a language of rapport: a way of establishing connections and negotiating relationships. Emphasis is placed on displaying similarities and matching experiences. From childhood, girls criticize their friends who try to stand out or appear better than others. People feel their closest connections at home, or in places where they feel at home -- with one or a few people they feel close to and comfortable with -- in other words, during private speaking. But even the most public situations can be approached like private speaking.

For most women，talk is primarily a means to preserve independence and negotiate and maintain status in a hierarchical(等级制度的) social order.This is done by exhibiting knowledge and skill，and by ho1ding center stage through verbal performance such as torytelling，joking，or conveying information.From childhood，men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep attention.Therefore，they are more comfortable speaking in 1arger groups made up of people they know 1ess well，in the broadest sense，"public speaking”. But even the most private situations can be approached like public speaking,more like giving a report than establishing rapport.

21.A similar term for "private talking" is ___________.

[A]report-talk

[B]rapport-talk

[C]persuasive talk

[D]women's talk

22.When women talk，they tend to________.

[A]admire their friends who stand out

[B]make others feel at home

[C]approach public situations like private talking

[D]seek close relationship with other speakers

23. Men talk in order to________.

[A]make new friends

[B]share experience

[C]argue with others

[D]attract attention

24. The purpose of this passage is to _______.

[A]contrast the male and female talking styles

[B]prove that men talk more effectively than women

[C]analyze why men and women are different

[D]draw people's attention to the difference between men and women

25. Which of the following is true？

[A]Men talk more than women.

[B]Men feel more comfortable making a public speech than women.

[C]Men are more knowledgeable than women.

[D]Men are more independent than women.

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