Are some people born clever and others born stupid...

第1题

Are some people born clever and other born stupid？ Or is intelligence developed by our env

ironment and our experience？ Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depend on birth.

Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in their intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

If a child is born with low intelligence, he can______.

A．not reach his intelligence in his life

B．go beyond his intelligence limits in rich surroundings

C．still become a genius if he should be given special education

D．become a genius

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第2题

Are some people born clever, and others born（74)？ Or is intelligence developed by our

Are some people born clever, and others born(74)？ Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences？(75), the answer to both these questions is yes.(76) some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no(77)of special education can make a genius(78)a child born with low intelligence.(79), a child who lives in a boring environment will(80) his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and(81)surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth,(82)whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This(83), now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.(84)is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born(85 ). The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are(86) to be in intelligence. Thus(87)we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of(88)will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two(89) twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children,(90)have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth. Imagine now(91)we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We would soon(92) differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that(93)as well as birth plays a part.

74.A.wise

B.intelligent

C.bright

D.stupid

75.A.By no means

B.Strangely enough

C.Sure enough

D.For sure

76.A.To

B.In

C.With

D.On

77.A.number

B.account

C.quantity

D.quality

78.A.into

B.from

C.out of

D.by

79.A.On the other hand

B.On the one hand

C.In this sense

D.As far as we know

80.A.decrease

B.descend

C.delete

D.develop

81.A.varying

B.varied

C.healthful

D.hygienic

82.A.although

B.so

C.thus

D.but

83.A.outlook

B.view

C.speculation

D.judgment

84.A.That

B.This

C.It

D.So

85.A.with

B.for

C.to

D.in

86.A.possible

B.likely

C.impossible

D.unlikely

87.A.whether

B.when

C.if

D.unless

88.A.intimacy

B.intelligence

C.similarity

D.difference

89.A.same

B.identical

C.parallel

D.related

90.A.certainly

B.undoubtedly

C.usually

D.sometimes

91.A.if

B.that

C.when

D.while

92.A.see

B.find out

C.find

D.work out

93.A.environment

B.development

C.blood

D.education

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第3题

26-meter-tall Yao Ming made his NBA debut （初资登台) on October 23, 2002 and got 6 points

26-meter-tall Yao Ming made his NBA debut (初资登台) on October 23, 2002 and got 6 points (得分) for the Houston Rockets in the game. The next day, he got 13 points in another game.

Most people think that Yao Ming is a born basketball player. But Yao said, "When you watch it on TV, it looks very easy. But when you are playing in the NBA, it is really not so easy. ' He said that joining the Houston Rockets was a new start and a new challenge. "I hope that through very hard work, I can make everyone happy and help the Rockets win more games," he said.

Yao Ming speaks some English. Both he and his teammates can understand each other. They don't think there is a language problem. While Yao Ming faces this new challenge, the people of Houston have shown great interest in him and they hope Yao Ming faces this new challenge, the people of Houston have shown great interest in him and they hope Yao Ming will bring new energy (活力) to the Rockets. The team has started having lessons to learn more about China, and many people who work for the Rockets have learned to speak some Chinese.

Yao Ming got 13 points on October______, 2002.

A．22

B．23

C．24

D．26

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第4题

Leisure plays an important part in British life. There are four main reasons for thi

Leisure plays an important part in British life. There are four main reasons for this.

First of all, people spend less time working now than they used to, mostly due to the introduction of new industrial technology. The normal British working week is Monday to Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., although some people regularly work a few hours' overtime each week. Secondly, all working people get a minimum of two weeks' paid holiday a year. In addition, there are six or more bank holidays a year when all banks and businesses are closed. In some cases the dates of these national holidays change from year to year and in different parts of Britain.

Another reason is that, thanks to modern medicine and higher living standards, people live longer now. This means that after retirement, people have quite a few years of leisure left. Nowadays a much higher proportion of the population is over sixty, but in this group there are more women than men.

Finally, fewer babies are born each year and the average family in Britain has two children. This is one result of changing social attitudes. For example, many more married women now go out to work. The money they earn influences their leisure time. Even married women who do not go out to work have more time for interesting hobbies because most British homes have washing machines, vacuum cleaners and other labor-saving gadgets.

The best title of this passage can be ____.

A. Time for relax

B. Time for refreshment

C. British working hour

D. British family

“A paid holiday” (in Para. 2) means working people ____.

A. have to pay for their holiday

B. have no pay when they are on holiday

C. get usual pay when they are on holiday

D. get less pay when they are on holiday

Among the old people, there are ____.

A. as many men as women

B. more women than men

C. more men than women

D. many more women than men

In Britain, married women have more leisure hours because they have ____.

A. work with a good pay

B. a lot of time

C. washing-machines and vacuum cleaners

D. fewer children and more labor-saving gadgets

Which of the following ideas is NOT suggested in the passage？

A. Some married women have more time of reading.

B. Some married women have interesting hobbies.

C. Some married women now go out to work.

D. Some married women still stay at home.

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第5题

Some people were just born to rebel; Charles Darwin was one of them.【21】______Nicholas Cop

ernicus, Benjamin Franklin and Bill Gates. They were【22】______"laterborns" -that is, they had【23】______one older sibling — brother or sister — when they were born.

【24】______, laterborns are up to 15 times more likely than firstborns to【25】______authority and break new【26】______, says Frank J. Sulloway, a researcher scholar at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

In his book"Born To Rebel"being【27】______this week, Sulloway claims that【28】______someone is an older or younger sibling is the most important【29】______shaping personality - more significant than gender, race, nationality【30】______class.

He spent 26 years【31】______the lives - and birth orders - of 6, 566 historical【32】______to reach his conclusions.

A laterborn himself, Sulloway first【33】______how birth order affected personality【34】______a scholar of Darwin at Harvard University.

" How could a somewhat【35】______student at Cambridge become the most【36】______thinker in the 19th century？" he said.

Darwin, the first to【37】______the belief that God created the world with his theory of evolution, was the fifth of six children. Most of his【38】______were firstborns.

Sulloway's theory held【39】______with Copernicus, the first astronomer to【40】______that the Sun was the center of the universe, and computer revolutionary Gates of Microsoft.

【21】

A．Likewise

B．Likely

C．Alike

D．Unlike

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第6题

I don't believe that men have deliberately turned us into slaves, as one of your correspon

dents writes.【1】I do know that many women are exploited at work. There must be equal pay【2】equal work, and where this is not the case, the abuse must be resisted at all costs.

I don't believe that men【3】us their mental inferiors. But I do know that there's still a great【4】of prejudice against women. Certain jobs are still considered to be for men【5】, for example top jobs in industry, in the government and the law. This sort of【6】must be resisted at all costs.

We are born with brains just as good as men's, and【7】we are not expected to use them. It all begins in the home and at school,【8】girls are expected to play a smaller【9】than boys, and to be less【10】

I was lucky. I was brought up with the idea of【11】something to society--not just to sit at home waiting for【12】. As a result, I【13】some people would call me a successful 'career girl', but let me【14】you, I enjoy it, and my family doesn't【15】

(1)

A．And

B．But

C．Therefore

D．Hence

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第7题

Mothers have known it for years. Give the children a hamburger, and they will love it; spend hours making a home-cooked meal, and they will leave it on the plate. Now French scientists have discovered why. According to researchers near Paris, the brain does not respond well to unfamiliar tastes. Sensations are not as strong when the mind is struggling to understand messages that come from the tongue. This provides little reason to taste new things.

Human beings are naturally like rats – we are afraid of anything new. If you give rats some food that they have never had before, they will turn their backs on it out of fear. We are the same. It is possible to introduce new foods, but only in the right psychological context, like a birthday. Once the introduction has been made, the fact of having a full stomach is physically pleasing, so the next time it is easier. However, some foods are more tempting than others. Scientists are sure that we are born with a sweet tooth. This is why children have a natural desire for sugar.

Another discovery is how a sense of smell affects our appetite. In one experiment, chemical substances were put on the tongues of human participants. At the same time, air was blown down the participants’ noses so they could not smell the chemical substances. As a result, no two people got the same sensation from the same food. Physical, psychological, and cultural differences shaped the response.

The intensity of feelings about food depends upon knowledge of it. The average student who eats a new dish will have only a cloudy image of it, but for some people whose tongues are trained to appreciate fine differences, they’ll have an exciting experience, much like someone who has a great musical ear. This is why someone who eats hamburgers everyday likes them and becomes a hamburger expert. They can tell the difference between a Big Mac and a Burger King, just like the Japanese can tell the difference between varieties of rice that taste the same to Europeans.

21. Why do children prefer a hamburger to a home-cooked meal?

A.The person doesn’t get the instruction from the brain.

B.The brain doesn’t respond well to unfamiliar tastes.

C.The food made at home is not tasty.

D.Children prefer food that is easy to make.

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第8题

Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the fou

r possible answers that follow the paragraph.

Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinesics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Birdwhistell.He believes that physical appearance is often culturally programmed.In other words, we learn our books, but we are not born with them.A baby has generally unformed facial features.A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around family and friends.This helps explain why the people of some regions of the United States look so much alike.New Englanders or Southerners have certain common facial characteristics that cannot be explained by genetics.The exact shape of the mouth is not set at birth;it is learned after.In fact, the final mouth shape is not formed until well after permanent teeth are set.For many, this can be well in adolescence.A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike.We learn our looks from those around us.This is perhaps why in a single country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas.In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where the people smile more frequently.In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York state still less.Many Southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia.People in densely populated urban areas also tend to smile and greet each other in public less than do people in rural areas and small towns.()

A.Ray Birdwhistell can tell what region of the United States a person is form. by how much he or she smiles

B.Ray Birdwhistell is a leader in the field of kinesics

C.Ray Birdwhistell says that our physical appearance is influenced by the appearance of people around us

D.People who live in the country are more friendly than people who live in densely populated areas

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第9题

请根据短文的内容，回答题。 Are You a Successful Leader？（1) Almost nothing we do in this wor

请根据短文的内容，回答题。

Are You a Successful Leader？

(1) Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation. At work or at play, you&39;ll find yourself in groups, working with other people: your team at work, a meeting with colleagues, your family, a holiday with friends, a group of students working together, a day out walking in the mountains, a group of neighbors wanting to make changes. It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success, partly because we need to do it so often.＜br＞

(2) In almost every situation where you&39;re in a group, you will need a skilled leader. All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down. Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated. Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved. There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear. Often group members begin not to come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmonies.＜br＞

(3) Some people are natural leaders. The celebrity chef, Antonio Carluccio says, "true leaders are born and you can spot them in kitchens." They&39;re people who combine toughness,fairness and humor. Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders,most people now recognize that leadership can also be taught. Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader. Good leaders don&39;t make people do things in a bossy, controlling way. You can learn how to involve everyone,encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal.＜br＞

(4) Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader. Self-confidence is vital for you to overcome your own fears about being a leader. Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent. They need to be able to work out good strategies and make sound judgments under pressure. Lastly, and probably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people. Good leadership is essentially the ability to influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.

Paragraph 1__________ 查看材料

A.Most of good leaders are natural-bom.

B.It"s important to have a good leader.

C.People are in groups.

D.These techniques are used to train leaders.

E.Training can make good leaders.

F.A good leader needs a variety of qualities. A good leader needs a variety of qualities.

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第10题

The word "Okay" is known and used by millions of people all over the world. Still, languag

e experts do not agree on where it came from.

Some say it came from the Indian peoples. When Europeans first came to America they heard hundreds of different Indian languages. Many were will developed.

One tribe especially had a well developed language. This was the Chocktaw tribe. They were farmers and fishermen whole lived in the rich Mississippi valley in what is now the state of Alabama. When problems arose, Chocktaw leaders discussed them with the tribal chief. They sat in a circle and listened to the wisdom of the chief.

He heard the different proposals, often raising and lowering his head in agreement, and saying, "Okeh," meaning "it is so."

The Indian languages have given many words to English. Twenty four of the American States almost half, have Indian names, Okalahoma, the Dakotas, Idaho, Wisconsin, Ohio and Tennessee, to name a few. And the names of many rivers, streams, mountains, cities and towns are Indian.

However, there are many people who dispute the idea that "Okay" came from the In di ans. Some say the President Andrew Jackson first used the word "Okay." Others claim the word was invented by John Jacob Astor, a fur trader of the late 1700s who became one of the world's richest men. Still others say a poor railroad clerk made up this word. His name was Obadiah Kelly and he put his initials(首写字母), O.K. on each package people gave him to ship by train.

So it goes, each story sounds reasonable and official.

But perhaps the most believable explanation is that the word "Okay" was invented by a political organization in the 1800s. Martin Van Buren was running for President. A group of people organized a club to support him. They called their political organization the "Okay Club. The letters "O" and "K" were taken from the name of Van Buren's hometown, the place where he was born, old Kinderhook, New York.

There is one thing about "Okay" that the experts do agree on: that the word is pure American and that it has spread to almost every country on earth.

There is something about the word that appeals to peoples of every language. Yet, here in America it is used mostly in speech, not in serious writing. In recent time, "Okay" has been given an official place in the English language. But it will be a long time before Americans will officially accept two expressions that come from "Okay." There are "Oke" and "Okeydoke".

______different opinions as where the word "Okay" came from are mentioned in the text.

A．Four

B．Five

C．six

D．Three

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Are some people born clever and others born stupid？ Or is intelligence developed by our en